Switzerland
is a kind of monetary union. Swiss Confederation consists of 26 cantons and 2’495 communes. Under the Federal
Constitution, all cantons have equal rights, and in comparison with the
situation in other countries, they have a high degree of independence. They
enjoy a large degree of latitude in health care, education and culture.
Switzerland
is with 7.8m inhabitants a multilingual country. The laws are formulated as
clearly as possible in the official languages of German, French and Italian.
Some cantons
are more indebted than others. Some cantons are economically weaker than
others. But the currency union works in spite of cultural differences. Why? It
is because of institutions.
Switzerland
has Swiss Francs (CHF) as a common currency for its different kind of economic
regions. As Paul Krugman explains in
his book
“End This Depression, Now!”, certain
conditions must be met in order to make a currency union work from the
perspective of economic theory. The model is an optimum currency area (OCA), which must be pursued. This means that
the advantages have to outweigh the disadvantages of a common currency.
The cantons in
Switzerland are closely intertwined, so that there are substantial benefits
that they all have the same currency. The cantons have only limited
possibilities for economic stabilization. And they have mainly no monetary
policy as a relevant instrument of economic policy.
As regards
the criteria labor mobility (Robert Mundell) and fiscal integration (Peter Kenen) Swiss Cantons suite for a single currency (very) well.



